The Guy Who Invented Those Annoying Password Rules Now Regrets Wasting Your Time. We’ve all been forced to do it: create a password with at least so many characters, so many numbers, so many special characters, and maybe an uppercase letter. Guess what? The guy who invented these standards nearly 1.

He is also very sorry. The man in question is Bill Burr, a former manager at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). In 2. 00. 3, Burr drafted an eight- page guide on how to create secure passwords creatively called the “NIST Special Publication 8. Appendix A.” This became the document that would go on to more or less dictate password requirements on everything from email accounts to login pages to your online banking portal.

All those rules about using uppercase letters and special characters and numbers—those are all because of Bill. The only problem is that Bill Burr didn’t really know much about how passwords worked back in 2. He certainly wasn’t a security expert.

And now the retired 7. Much of what I did I now regret,” Bill Burr told. The Wall Street Journal recently, admitting that his research into passwords mostly came from a white paper written in the 1. In the end, [the list of guidelines] was probably too complicated for a lot of folks to understand very well, and the truth is, it was barking up the wrong tree.”Bill is not wrong. Simple math shows that a shorter password with wacky characters is much easier to crack than a long string of easy- to- remember words. This classic XKCD comic shows how four simple words create a passphrase that would take a computer 5.

Watch American Pastoral Online Ibtimesuk

Jorge Mario Bergoglio was born on 17 December 1936 in Flores, a neighborhood of Buenos Aires. He was the eldest of five children of Mario José Bergoglio (1908–1959. Issuu is a digital publishing platform that makes it simple to publish magazines, catalogs, newspapers, books, and more online. Easily share your publications and get. BibMe Free Bibliography & Citation Maker - MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard.

This is why the latest set of NIST guidelines recommends that people create long passphrases rather than gobbledygook words like the ones Bill thought were secure. Pro tip: Use this guide to create a super secure passcode using a pair of dice.)Inevitably, you have to wonder if Bill not only feels regretful but also a little embarrassed. It’s not entirely his fault either.

We’ve all been forced to do it: create a password with at least so many characters, so many numbers, so many special characters, and maybe an uppercase letter. Watch The Knockout Online Ibtimes on this page. Somaliland (dark green), disputed territory (light green) Status: Unrecognised state Recognised by the United Nations as de jure part of Somalia as an autonomous.

Fifteen years ago, there was very little research into passwords and information security, while researchers can now draw on millions upon millions of examples. Bill also wasn’t the only one to come up with some regrettable ideas in the early days of the web, either. Remember pop- ads, the scourge of the mid- aughts internet? The inventor of those is super sorry as well. Oh, and the confusing, unnecessary double slash in web addresses?

The inventor of that idea (and the web itself) Tim Berners- Lee is also sorry. Technology is often an exercise of trial and error. If you get something right, like Jeff Bezos or Mark Zuckerberg have done, the rewards are sweet. If you screw up and waste years of unsuspecting internet users’ time in the process, like Bill did, you get to apologize years later.

We forgive you, Bill. At least some of us do.[Wall Street Journal].

Somaliland - Wikipedia. Coordinates: 9°4. N4. 5°5. 8′E / 9. N 4. 5. 9. 67°E / 9.

Somaliland (Somali: Somaliland; Arabic: صوماليلاند‎‎ Ṣūmālīlānd, أرض الصومالArḍ aṣ- Ṣūmāl), officially the Republic of Somaliland (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland, Arabic: جمهورية صوماليلاند‎‎ Jumhūrīyat Ṣūmālīlānd), is a self- declared state internationally recognised as an autonomous region of Somalia.[7][1. The government of the de facto state of Somaliland regards itself as the successor state to the former British Somalilandprotectorate, which, in the form of the briefly independent State of Somaliland, united as scheduled on 1 July 1. Trust Territory of Somaliland (the former Italian Somaliland) to form the Somali Republic.[1. Watch Downing Online Free HD.

Somaliland lies in northwestern Somalia, on the southern coast of the Gulf of Aden. It is bordered by the remainder of Somalia (per international recognition) to the east, Djibouti to the northwest, and Ethiopia to the south and west.[1. Its claimed territory has an area of 1.

The capital and the largest city is Hargeisa, with the population of around 1,5. In 1. 98. 8, the Siad Barre government began a crackdown against the Hargeisa- based Somali National Movement (SNM) and other militant groups, which were among the events that led to the Somali Civil War.[1. The conflict left the country's economic and military infrastructure severely damaged. Following the collapse of Barre's government in early 1. SNM, unilaterally declared independence from Somalia on 1. May of the same year and reinstated the borders of the former short- lived independent State of Somaliland.[6][1. Since then, the territory has been governed by democratically elected governments that seek international recognition as the Government of the Republic of Somaliland (Somali: Dowlada Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland, Arabic: جمهورية صوماليلاند‎‎ Dawlat Jumhūrīyat Ṣūmālīlānd).[1.

The central government maintains informal ties with some foreign governments, who have sent delegations to Hargeisa.[6][2. Ethiopia also maintains a trade office in the region.[2. However, Somaliland's self- proclaimed independence remains unrecognised by any country or international organisation.[6][2. It is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization, an advocacy group whose members consist of indigenous peoples, minorities and unrecognised or occupied territories. History. Neolithic rock art at the Laas Geel complex depicting a long- horned cow.

Prehistory. Somaliland has been inhabited since at least the Paleolithic. During the Stone Age, the Doian and Hargeisan cultures flourished here.[2. The oldest evidence of burial customs in the Horn of Africa comes from cemeteries in Somalia dating back to the 4th millennium BCE.[2. The stone implements from the Jalelo site in the north were also characterized in 1. Paleolithic between the East and the West.[3. According to linguists, the first Afroasiatic- speaking populations arrived in the region during the ensuing Neolithic period from the family's proposed urheimat ("original homeland") in the Nile Valley,[3. Near East.[3. 2]The Laas Geel complex on the outskirts of Hargeisa in northwestern Somalia dates back around 5,0.

Other cave paintings are found in the northern Dhambalin region, which feature one of the earliest known depictions of a hunter on horseback. The rock art is in the distinctive Ethiopian- Arabian style, dated to 1,0.

BCE.[3. 4][3. 5] Additionally, between the towns of Las Khorey and El Ayo in northern Somalia lies Karinhegane, the site of numerous cave paintings of real and mythical animals. Each painting has an inscription below it, which collectively have been estimated to be around 2,5.

Antiquity and classical era. The tomb of Sheikh Isaaq, the founding father of the Isaaq clan, in Maydh, Sanaag. Ancient pyramidical structures, mausoleums, ruined cities and stone walls, such as the Wargaade Wall, are evidence of an old civilization that once thrived in the Somali peninsula.[3. This civilization enjoyed a trading relationship with ancient Egypt and Mycenaean Greece since the second millennium BCE, supporting the hypothesis that Somalia or adjacent regions were the location of the ancient Land of Punt.[3. The Puntites traded myrrh, spices, gold, ebony, short- horned cattle, ivory and frankincense with the Egyptians, Phoenicians, Babylonians, Indians, Chinese and Romans through their commercial ports. Watch Il Grande Duello Download Full on this page. An Egyptian expedition sent to Punt by the 1.

Queen Hatshepsut is recorded on the temple reliefs at Deir el- Bahari, during the reign of the Puntite King Parahu and Queen Ati.[3. In 2. 01. 5, isotopic analysis of ancient baboon mummies from Punt that had been brought to Egypt as gifts indicated that the specimens likely originated from an area encompassing eastern Somalia and the Eritrea- Ethiopia corridor.[4. The camel is believed to have been domesticated in the Horn region sometime between the 2nd and 3rd millennium BCE. From there, it spread to Egypt and the Maghreb.[4.

During the classical period, the northern Barbara city- states of Mosylon, Opone, Mundus, Isis, Malao, Avalites, Essina, Nikon, and Sarapion developed a lucrative trade network, connecting with merchants from Ptolemaic Egypt, Ancient Greece, Phoenicia, Parthian Persia, Saba, the Nabataean Kingdom, and the Roman Empire. They used the ancient Somali maritime vessel known as the beden to transport their cargo.

After the Roman conquest of the Nabataean Empire and the Roman naval presence at Aden to curb piracy, Arab and Somali merchants agreed with the Romans to bar Indian ships from trading in the free port cities of the Arabian peninsula[4. Somali and Arab merchants in the lucrative commerce between the Red and Mediterranean Seas.[4.

However, Indian merchants continued to trade in the port cities of the Somali peninsula, which was free from Roman interference.[4. For centuries, Indian merchants brought large quantities of cinnamon to Somalia and Arabia from Ceylon and the Spice Islands. The source of the cinnamon and other spices is said to have been the best- kept secret of Arab and Somali merchants in their trade with the Roman and Greek world; the Romans and Greeks believed the source to have been the Somali peninsula.[4. The collusive agreement among Somali and Arab traders inflated the price of Indian and Chinese cinnamon in North Africa, the Near East, and Europe, and made the cinnamon trade a very profitable revenue generator, especially for the Somali merchants through whose hands large quantities were shipped across sea and land routes.[4. Birth of Islam and the Middle Ages. Ruins of the Adal Sultanate in Zeila, Awdal. Various Somali Muslim kingdoms were established around this period in the area.[4.

In the 1. 4th century, the Zeila- based Adal Sultanate battled the forces of the Ethiopian emperor Amda Seyon I.[4. The Ottoman Empire later occupied Berbera and environs in the 1. Muhammad Ali, Pasha of Egypt, subsequently established a foothold in the area between 1. Early modern sultanates.

In the early modern period, successor states to the Adal Sultanate and Ajuran Sultanate began to flourish in Somalia. These included the Warsangali Sultanate. The first engagement between Somalis of the region and the British was the 1. Articles of Friendship and Commerce between the Tribe of Habr Awal and England.[5. This was followed by a British treaty with the Governor of Zeila in 1.

An engagement was then started between the British and elders of Habar Garhajis and Habar Toljaala clans of the Isaaq in 1. Articles of Peace and Friendship" between the Habar Awal and East India Company.

These engagements between the British and Somali clans culminated in the formal treaties the British signed with the henceforth 'British Somaliland' clans, which took place between 1. Habar Awal, Gadabursi, Habar Toljaala, Habar Garhajis, Esa, and the Warsangali clans), this paved the way for the British to establish a protectorate in the region referred to as British Somaliland.[5.